Shoulder

Authors: Franch J, Bertran J, Remolins G, Fontecha P, Diaz-Bertrana C, Durall I.
Journal: VCOT

A case of bilateral fibrotic contracture of the infraspinatus muscles in a five-year-old Belgian Shepherd dog is described. The dog was presented with progressive forelimb lameness with postural and gait abnormalities three months after an episode of overexertion. When walking, the lower part of both forelimbs swung in a lateral arc causing a circumduction movement and in the standing position, the dog showed elbow adduction with external rotation of the distal part of both front limbs.

Authors: JAMES L. COOK, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVS 1 and CRISTI R. COOK, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVR 1
Journal: Vet Surg

ABSTRACT
Objective—Characterize clinical findings and outcomes in dogs with forelimb lameness.
Study Design—Prospective case series.
Animals—Dogs (n=19) with forelimb lameness.
Methods—Dogs were included when lameness was attributed to shoulder and/or elbow pathology with informed consent for bilateral shoulder and elbow arthroscopy. Historical, clinical examination and diagnostic imaging findings were recorded. Localization of lameness was determined and subjective arthroscopic assessment of shoulders and elbows performed. Outcomes were subjectively assessed by owner survey.

Authors: Agnello KA, Puchalski SM, Wisner ER, Schulz KS, Kapatkin AS.
Journal: Vet Radiol Ultrasound

This study was performed to determine the effect of shoulder extension and flexion, imaging plane, and intraarticular paramagnetic contrast medium administration on the visibility of soft tissue structures surrounding the canine shoulder joint using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Eight dogs without shoulder disease were imaged using a 1.5 T MR scanner. In all dogs, T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo sequences in sagittal, transverse, and dorsal planes, and a sagittal short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence were acquired with the shoulder joint in extension.

Category: Imaging - Shoulder
Authors: Franklin MA, Rochat MC, Broaddus KD.
Journal: JAAHA

Two dogs, 3 and 6 months of age, were presented with painful, swollen shoulder and carpal joints; reluctance to stand; and pyrexia. Radiographs in both cases revealed an irregular lucent zone in the metaphysis of the proximal humerus, parallel and adjacent to the physis. The same lucent zone was also evident in the physes of the distal radial and ulnar metaphyses. Clinical signs and radiographs were consistent with hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Clinical signs resolved in both dogs with administration of carprofen, tramadol, and intravenous fluids.

Category: Pediatrics - Shoulder
Authors: McCartney WT, Garvan CB.
Journal: VCOT

OBJECTIVES: To report on a new surgical approach to scapular neck fractures. METHODS: A combined prospective and retrospective study of eight dogs that had sustained a fracture of the scapular neck between 1992 and 2005 was performed. All eight dogs had an internal fixation using a T plate through a muscle separation approach. Retraction of the supraspinatus from the deltoideus and infraspinatus allows an adequate surgical window to enable plating of the scapular neck. RESULTS: Sixty-two percent had an excellent outcome without any lameness or stiffness detected.

Authors: SEAN E. MURPHY, DVM, Diplomate ACVS 1 , ELIZABETH A. BALLEGEER, DVM 1 , LISA J. FORREST, VMD, Diplomate ACVR 1 , and SUSAN L. SCHAEFER, MS, DVM, Diplomate ACVS 1
Journal: Vet Surg

ABSTRACT Objective—To evaluate the diagnostic potential of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared with a reference standard, arthroscopic and/or open surgery, in dogs with soft tissue shoulder pathology. Study Design—Retrospective study. Animals—Dogs (n=21). Methods—Magnetic resonance (MR) images were retrospectively evaluated in 21 dogs that had surgically identified soft tissue shoulder pathology.

Authors: JEAN-BENOIT G. N. G. LEFEBVRE, DMV 1,2,3 , THOMAS R. A. ROBERTSON, MA, VetMB, Cert VDI 1,2,3 , STEPHEN J. BAINES, MA, VetMB, Cert VR, Cert SAS, PhD, Diplomate ECVS 1,2,3 , NICHOLAS D. JEFFERY, BVSc, Cert SAO, DSAS(Soft Tissue), PhD, Diplomate ECVS & ECVN,
Journal: Vet Surg

ABSTRACT
Objective—To evaluate the effect of fracture and subsequent repair on future bone growth of the humerus after Salter–Harris type IV fracture of the lateral part of the humeral condyle (LPHC).
Study Design—Prospective study.
Animals—Dogs (n=11).
Methods—Dogs that had LPHC fracture and an open distal humeral physis repaired (1992–2006) were re-examined and radiographed at ≥12 months of age and humeral length was measured.

Authors: Pucheu B, Duhautois B.
Journal: VCOT

This study evaluates 76 cases of shoulder instability in dogs, functional outcome after treatment, and the effectiveness of medial biceps tendon transposition using a metallic staple. Clinical examinations of the shoulder were performed and radiographs were taken. Conservative treatment or surgery (biceps tendon transposition or arthrodesis) was then opted for on the basis of type of instability, associated lesions and dog (age, weight, behaviour). Long-term functional outcome was categorized as 'excellent', 'good', 'average' or 'poor'.

Authors: C. Post, T. Guerrero, K. Voss, P. M. Montavon
Journal: VCOT

This report describes the temporary fixation of a traumatic shoulder luxation in a large-breed dog using a 3.5-mm Locking Round-Hole Reconstruction Plate (LRHRP) to provide stable internal splinting, allowing healing of the injured ligaments, joint capsule, glenohumeral ligaments, tendons, and muscles for restoration of joint stability. The use of a temporary plate with a locking system should be considered as an option in the treatment of canine shoulder joint luxations with severe tissue damage.